1. Identify the keywords and phrases that people frequently search for that relate to your website. You can do it with keyword research tool from Google.
2. Be on the first page (preferably, near the top) of the search results for these keywords.
It does not count as good SEO if you are on the top for phrases that nobody searches. It is also not realistic to expect to get to the top for very popular phrases.
Google Analyticsis a very useful tool. Backlink checker is used to find links to your page. Since search engines use backlinks to decide how to rank you, it is an important tool when doing SEO. But not in measuring the results.